Comparative Character Analysis of Classical Vs. Modern Tragic Protagoni

Comparative Character Analysis of Classical Vs. Modern Tragic Protagonists. A hero/ heroine is described as the principal male/ female character in a literary or dramatic work or the central figure in an event, period, or movement. The classic tragic hero was defined by Aristotle in the fourth century as, â€Å"someone who is highly renowned and prosperous† (LATWP, 639), suggesting that there is a â€Å"natural right ordering and proportion of traits within the human being that if violated, produces calamity† (LATWP, 639). The book goes on to define classical tragedy as one that â€Å"involves the inevitable destruction of a noble person by means of character flaw, usually a disproportionate measure of a specific human attribute such as pride, jealousy or indecision† (LATWP, 639). On the other hand, another type of tragic hero exists, the modern tragic hero. This type of hero is a product of a clash between the individual and the social environment. Arthur Miller, the famous playwright said, â€Å"each person has a chosen image of self and position, tragedy results when the characters environment denies the fulfillment of this self concept.† (LATWP, 640). This is a contrast from Aristotle’s classic tragic hero because the hero is no longer born into nobility but gains stature in the action of pitting self against cosmos, and the tragedy becomes, â€Å"the disaster inherent in being torn away from our chosen image of what and who we are in this world.† (LATWP, 640). In the tragic play named after it...

Evidence Informed Decision Making Report Essay

Introduction This paper will discuss wound care, the effectiveness of saline versus water when cleaning wounds, and the experience of patients undergoing long term wound care. The purpose of this report is to demonstrate understanding of evidence informed decision making, researchable questions, searching the available evidence and research designs. Background Webster’s Dictionary by Guralnik (1970) defines a wound as â€Å"an injury, especially one in which the skin or another external surface is torn, pierced, cut, or otherwise broken.† Wounds can be acquired from accidents or from medical procedures such as operations or surgeries. Anytime a patient acquires a wound, the care given to the person and at the site of injury is an essential part in the healing process. Proper wound care can prevent further complications, infections, and preserve function. It involves cleaning, examining and bandaging. Wound cleansing or â€Å"irrigation† the steady flow of a solution across an open wound surface to achieve wound hydration, remove debris, and to assist with the visual assessment. The irrigation solution is meant to remove cellular debris and surface pathogens contained in wound exudates or residue from topically applied products. Cleansing methods may differ between individual health care providers, institutions, or facilities but the irrigation solution chosen can have a significant impact on healing outcomes and therefore should be chosen carefully with supporting evidence. Quantitative Study Design The study design that provides the highest level of evidence to answer the identified quantitative PICO question is a Randomized Control Trial (RCT). According to McMaster School of Nursing (N.D), a RCT involves â€Å"individuals who do not have the outcome of interest in mind and are randomly allocated to receive the intervention or standard of care or conventional treatment (comparison group), or no intervention (control group) and followed forward in time to determine whether they experience the outcome of interest.† This design was chosen because its strengths involve â€Å"gold standard to test the effectives of a treatment/intervention, and decreased bias through random allocation† according to McMaster University School of Nursing (N.D). Random allocation of participants within the experimental group is preferred as unbiased results can be achieved and which prevents the data from being skewed. Specifically in this case, if patients know their wounds are being studied for the outcome of infections, personal behaviors or hygiene techniques could be altered during this time, which may influence the results. Qualitative Study Design A phenomenological study design is most appropriate to answer the identified qualitative study question because it explores the â€Å"lived experiences of people† which are subjective according to McMaster University School of Nursing (N.D). In this case, phenomenological studies fit best as the answer being sought is the experience for wounded patients under going wound care. Literature Search Quantitative Search A â€Å"Summaries† level study was found called â€Å"Emergency nursing resource: wound preparation† from the National Guideline Clearinghouse database. The â€Å"Summaries† level is found at the top of the 6S hierarchy pyramid of pre-processed evidence. A summary study was used because it was the first level to be explored and provided the highest level of evidence to fully answer the quantitative PICO question. Furthermore, when a relevant â€Å"Summaries† level study is found, there is no need to go further down the pyramid as the â€Å"Summaries† level contains essentially a summary of the information available at the lower levels. Regarding my research strategy, I first started looking at the RNAO Best Practice Guidelines. I began browsing by topics, however a topic on wound care was not available. I proceeded to use the manual search bar where I intentionally used a broad search term of â€Å"wound care† with the quotations around it. This only yielded only one result, which was not relative to answering my question. I thought that even if I used a more specific search request, I would not find any different results as even the broadest term yielded nothing helpful. From there, I moved onto the National Clearinghouse Guideline database. This is where I found my first relevant study called â€Å"Emergency nursing resource: wound preparation†. I found that using asterisks, quotation marks, and capitalized ANDs helped me be successful in finding the research I needed. Also using different combination of search terms and synonyms, I was able to refine my search to the point where I found my first relevant study. The exact terminology I used was â€Å"‘wound prep*’ AND ‘water’ AND ‘saline’†. This generated two results, which was beneficial as the results were focused and specific to what I was searching for. I found another summaries level study from the DynaMed database called â€Å"Laceration Management†. I was able to find this study on my first try using the term â€Å"wound irriga*†. Because irrigation could refer to either water or saline, I found it more effective to use the root of â€Å"irrigation† as it yielded better results. Please see Appendix A for a copy of the search history. Qualitative Search When conducting a search for my qualitative question, I first started at the â€Å"Synopsis of Single Studies† level of the 6S pyramid. I searched three databases from this level including Evidence-Based Nursing, Evidence-Based Healthcare and Public Health, and Evidence-Based Medicine. Unfortunately I was unable to find a phenomenological study to accurately answer my qualitative question for patients undergoing wound care. Since none of these databases had what I was looking for, I moved onto the next level of the 6S pyramid, which was â€Å"Single Studies†. I was much more successful here. The first database I checked was CINAHL. Using the entry of (MH â€Å"Phenomenological Research† AND â€Å"wound care†) I retrieved twenty results. From the list of results, I found two appropriate phenomenological studies, which accurately answered my qualitative question. I can say with ease that I did not experience difficulty when conducting a search for this material. I found following the suggestions and guidelines that the EIDM module provided from the McMaster University School of Nursing was extremely helpful in successfully finding relevant research in a timely manor. Please see Appendix B for a copy of the search history. Discussion Quantitative Study Discussion For the quantitative discussion, there will be two articles addressed which will answer the following question: In patients requiring wound care, does tap water compared to normal saline reduce the number of infection incidents? The first credible resource is titled â€Å"Emergency nursing: wound preparation†. It is a guideline intended for nurses and doctors with the best recommendations for practice with evidence to support it. The objective of the guideline is to evaluate what method of wound preparation is most effective for promoting wound healing and reducing rates of infection for patients in the with acute lacerations. The interventions considered were portable tap water versus normal saline. Pooled data from the studies within the review identified a 37% reduction in the rate of infection in wounds cleansed with tap water compared to wounds cleansed with normal saline. Data from one study showed a significantly higher rate of infection in the group that received normal saline; however, this could have been attributed to difference in the temperature of the irrigation solution (National Guideline Clearinghouse, 2012). The overall recommendation based upon the supporting evidence is that â€Å"potable tap water is equivalent and may be superior to normal saline for laceration cleansing and irrigation in patients across the lifespan† to promote wound healing and decrease rates of infection (National Guideline Clearinghouse, 2012). This evidence answers the quantitative questions clearly and concisely by alluding to the fact tap water is equivalent to normal saline in reducing infection rate in wounded patients. The next â€Å"Summaries† level study that will be discussed is called â€Å"Laceration Management† (DynaMed, 2008). Here we see that based on 715 randomized trails of acute laceration cleansing, patients received either tap water or normal saline solution. Based on the 634 follow up cases 4% tap water versus 3.3% saline group had wound infections. Furthermore, in this review, findings show that warmed saline was preferred over room temperature saline. So again we see the factor of temperature of the irrigation solution being considered as it plays a role in infection rate, similarly to the study findings discussed above. The overall bottom line of the review states, â€Å"tap water irrigation may not increase infection rate compared to sterile saline for simple lacerations† (DynaMed, 2008). This evidence therefore compliments the answer to quantitative question discussed above as again we see little to no difference in infection rates with tap water compared to normal saline in wound care. Qualitative Study Discussion There are two phenomenologic studies used to address the following qualitative question: What is the experience for wounded patients under going long term wound care? The first study is called â€Å"The Lived Experience A Chronic Wound: A Phenomenologic Study† (Beitz, & Goldberg, 2005). The methods used to obtain the data were interviews with open-ended questions and a brief questionnaire. The most commonly expressed concerns were grouped into the following themes: pain, mobility, freedom, and wound status. The constant experience of pain made life uncomfortable, mobility limitations decreased independence and freedom, and lastly lack of knowledge regarding wound status increased uncertainty, feelings of frustration, and decreased life quality (Beitz & Goldberg, 2005). The identified themes explicitly answer the qualitative question regarding experience of undergoing long term wound care. The second study is called â€Å"A forever healing: The lived experience of venous ulcer disease† and it explores the life experiences of having a chronic wound from a patient’s perspective. Similarly to the â€Å"Chronic Wound† study discussed above, an interview method consisting of open-ended questions was used to collect data. Four common themes emerged from the analysis of experiences, which include: a forever healing process, limits and accommodations, powerlessness, and â€Å"who cares?† (Chase, Melloni, Savage, 1997). The healing process for these patients with leg ulcers never ends as continual protection, attention and care is required, which is a lot of responsibility and commitment. Furthermore, the implications of the ulcers often left clients with decreased mobility and activity. The long-term duration of these circumstances in conjunction with the functionality loss led to a sense of powerlessness and hopeless. Ultimately clients admitted to developing a â€Å"who cares?† attitude toward their condition (Chase et al 1997). These common life experience themes identified within this study provides a view into the experiences of having a chronic wound, which answers the qualitative question. Conclusion In summary, both â€Å"Summaries† level studies conclude the same answer that tap water does not increase rate of infection in wound irrigation compared to saline solution. Solution temperature plays a role in wound healing and should be considered when preparing to cleanse. From a qualitative perspective, wounds can have major implications on life quality. As health care providers, the phenomenologic knowledge regarding living with a chronic wound is invaluable. It not only grants us the ability to better empathize with clients undergoing similar circumstances, but allows us to provide better care by helping persons cope and adapt to chronic wounds in healthy, positive ways (Beitz, & Goldberg, 2005). The ways in which nurses can minimize negative components of chronic wounds include assessing pain frequently, working with physical therapists to optimize mobility and freedom, and lastly be forthcoming with explanations about procedures and wound status. When such things are accomplished, clients should feel more empowered and perhaps an improvement will be seen not only physical state, but also the mental and emotional state. References Beitz, J., & Goldberg, E. (2005). The lived experience of having a chronic wound: a phenomenologic study. MEDSURG Nursing, 14(1), 51. Chase, S., Melloni, M., Savage A. (1997). A forever healing: The lived experience of venous ulcer disease. Journal of Vascular Nursing, 15(2), 73-78. DynaMed. (2008, March 8). Laceration management. Ipswich, MA:EBSCO Publishing. Retrieved November 14, 2012, from http://search.ebscohost.com.libaccess.lib.mcmaster.ca/login.aspx?direct=true&db=dme&AN=129892&site=dynamed-live&scope=site. Guralnik, D. B. (1970). Webster’s New World dictionary of the American language (2d college ed.). New York: World Pub. Co. McMaster University School of Nursing, (N.D). Research Designs [BScN EIDM Learning Modules]. Retrieved from Avenue to Learn. National Guideline Clearinghouse. (2012, July 2). Emergency nursing resource: wound preparation. Rockville MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Culture at Thai Temple Essay

Today, I have the opportunity to go to the Thai Temple on North Broadway Street. As we all know that Thai community is not a big population in Wichita, Kansas, and there’s not many temple here as well. I walked into the temple with a beautiful site view, there was only one Buddhist statue inside the building. Walking in the temple there stood three monks with a warm welcome from them to show me around the temple. I turned around with a curious look on my face, and started to asked them how often do they held ceremony for praying time. They told me that it is usually every Saturday and Sunday. One of the monk name was Michael, he told me that usually the people who participate or come visit the temple they would bring food to share with monk, and other people. The food must be vegetarian, and that your spoon or any utensil must not touch any meat at all. Monk Michael told me that monks are vegetarian, they cannot eat fish or any meats at all. They always eat before 11 o’clock and usually once a day before the prayer. It was really fascinating for me to have the opportunity to view the different from my usual culture and belief system. As monk Michael guide me through the temple, he said that when there’s a hug festival there is a lot of people from Thai community gather to celebrate the holiday. He told me that during the New’s Year which is the most important holiday for Thai and Cambodian society. People would come to the temple to pray and lit up incense for the Buddhist statue, and get red envelop under the Ochna tree. The red envelop meant to bring us luck and prosperity for the upcoming year. Monk Michael ask me to come by during the big festival in April 14. It is the most exciting day for Thai and Cambodian which they shared the same New Year day. Attending this Buddhist temple I have engage and learnt the culture difference between Catholic and Buddhism. My belief is Catholic, and I noticed the New Year holiday for Catholic and Buddhist was totally difference from my culture, and my own belief. Catholic biggest holiday is Christmas just like American society. We only celebrate Christmas in church, but we don’t celebrate New Year as Buddhist. As monk Michael asked me to engage in the part of prayer, I felt a little uncomfortable, because I was afraid I might do something wrong, and that we have to knee down through the whole praying time. It is usually lasted about an hour or so. My religious is not the same as Buddhist, but I know the food flavor and the taste are the same. Even though, monk Michael asked me to stay and enjoy the meal with the rest of the monks. The food might be plain without the meat, but it was really delicious. The monk is vegetarian, and they cannot eat meat, if they did people would not respect them as a monk who guard the temple, because if they did they will break the rule of being a monk. That’s what monk Michael tell me about their habit and the protocol the have to follow. Monk Michael also told me that, monks cannot have spouse and kid, also drinking as well, because that’s is against the religious value. Being Catholic I feel that’s our Father or priest we don’t have to fast, even if we do. Catholic only eat fish during Easter month. The majority people who goes to temple are usually Buddhist believer or any people who want to come to pray is always welcome. Our culture and religious are different, but we have the same view of life such as karma. Attending Buddhist temple I can see the different between religious and the different in culture practices. It was worth of my time to spend today to engage in this wonderful heritage of Buddhism. Thai people worship Buddhism is stronger believer. They believe that life is does not end with dead, but it is more base on karma. â€Å"What we sow, is what we reap† it is the concepts in every human being; it doesn’t have to be in your religious. Going to the Thai Temple make me feels like there are a lot of great culture practice not only around world, but also in the community of Thai, and Vietnamese who practices Buddhism it is worth my time to explore this culture. After attending this culture event, I feels closer not only to my heritage, but I have deeply appreciated Thai heritage as well as my own. Thai Temple had taught me more about their background, and their religious, which they provided on this fieldtrip. Michael monk had provided me with real life interaction experience with his culture and exchange different belief. I will come back to Thai Temple during their New Year’s events to gain more knowledge of their culture holiday. This fieldtrip has help me become less ethnocentric and become more open to experience new culture. After this fieldtrip I would like to go and learnt more about other culture that I never have intents to tries. This make me realize that I have missed a lot of this opportunity to seek and learnt other culture belief.

Free Essays on Individual Vs. Society

) like he was lost in a milkplus bar, and Pete and George had theirs.† When Alex and the writer guy meet again many years later and the pain in the writers’ life is still overpowering, having lost the woman he loved to a gang rape. The values which Alex held were so contrary to the values of the society that Alex’s’ fun ruined the writers’ life. Differing values destroying lives is evident in Giordano’s’ poem â€Å"The rules.† Giordano asks if he can succeed in a world where values such as honesty are no longer valued. â€Å"I play by the rules/but Lord/ Does this mean that I am destined to lose?† The values of an individual are often different to the valu... Free Essays on Individual Vs. Society Free Essays on Individual Vs. Society The Individual and Society â€Å"I and the Government of which I am a member want you to regard us as friends. Yes, friends. We have put you right.† In A Clockwork Orange Alex’s’ war with society is evident from the start of the novel. By using â€Å"ultra-violence†: murders, rapes and gang beatings, Alex terrorizes the society in which he lives. Society seeks to destroy the individual who clashes with their ideals. By using Ludovico’s Technique on Alex, Society is able to destroy Alex’s ability to terrorize but at the same time destroying Alex’s ability to choose Good or Bad. Society and Man will always be at war but ultimately Society will sacrifice the individual for the perceived greater good of Society. Alex’s’ values and his version of fun is so contrary to the values held by the other members of society that a regular evening for Alex and his friends can leave both physical and mental scars in the bodies and minds of regular people for the rest of their lives. On a typical evening of ‘ultra-violence’ Alex and friends gang rape a woman and laugh while her husband looks on in horror. â€Å"Dim and me grabbing the slobbering writer (guy) who is past struggling really, just muttering out with slack sort of (words) like he was lost in a milkplus bar, and Pete and George had theirs.† When Alex and the writer guy meet again many years later and the pain in the writers’ life is still overpowering, having lost the woman he loved to a gang rape. The values which Alex held were so contrary to the values of the society that Alex’s’ fun ruined the writers’ life. Differing values destroying lives is evident in Giord ano’s’ poem â€Å"The rules.† Giordano asks if he can succeed in a world where values such as honesty are no longer valued. â€Å"I play by the rules/but Lord/ Does this mean that I am destined to lose?† The values of an individual are often different to the valu...

Business -Marketing Executive Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business -Marketing Executive Summary - Essay Example Growth rate trends are in excess of 6 to 8%, especially in the later category. A feature of this traffic is the high component of the younger age group, the travel purpose being job related, while tourists and students make up bulk of the balance. Travel by middle class families, who are conscious of stretching their dollars to the limit on job and sight-seeing, is being witnessed. Baggage allowance rules vary between the regions – while some countries restrict the number and size of the bags, others adopt limits on overall checked-in weight. Thus travelers have to be prepared for both contingencies! During peak seasons, baggage restrictions cause severe inconvenience, apart from costs, if one is not within the prescribed limits. The current practice of weighing either the individual pieces of luggage before packing or packing / weighing and repacking, is back-breaking indeed, and is one of the most stressful events before a family travel! In the absence of proper weigh scales at home, one is in for nasty surprises at the check-in counters. Taking this opportunity Samsonite is introducing its new product idea – bags with removable built-in digital weigh scales – an innovation extension to the existing product range. We call it ‘Samsonite Weigh-IT’, keeping the customer profile in mind. The idea itself is not completely new since competitors like Ricardo Beverly Hills have already introduced similar products with good success. Thus it will be a variation of an already established product, which is in its growth phase and can be confidently expected to gain more and more customers in the next 5 years. Unlike the Ricardo fixed type scale with its potential for damage during airport handling and travel time, our product will be ‘plug-in’ type removable after checking weight. This will be its USP. Samsonite’s innovative design capabilities and worldwide

Biography of emigrant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biography of emigrant - Essay Example The author tells that when he first moved to the US, he merely had the basic level of competency in English. Accordingly, the author had had a lot of difficulties studying in the US in the first two or three years. But now, that more than five years have passed since then, he is fully competent in the use of English in all four areas of reading writing, speaking and listening. The researcher had always aspired to work in US Navy. He applied for it and luckily got hired in the US Navy on 17 May 2011. He had several reasons for joining US Navy. It was not simply what the author aspired to be in. He has always looked forward to the benefits that he would gain by working in US Navy. The first and foremost benefit that this job gives the author is the opportunity to continue his studies since the study expenses are borne by US Navy. By nature, the researcher would call himself optimistic as he hardly has any regrets in life. He does have harsh experiences in life but his fundamental goal always remains to learn something from them. The author reflects upon his experiences of the whole day in the night for full one hour before going to sleep. This tells him what went right, what went wrong, what his mistakes were, and how could he avoid them for good in the future. The author generally remain quiet rather than participating in meaningless and rough discussions, though he makes sure that he has his say when it is required.

Boosting employee morale Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Boosting employee morale - Essay Example To test whether the skills or methods used in the process increases employee morale, the first step is to identify the variables involved. These could be qualitative or quantitative in nature (Johnson 304). The impact of increased employee morale can be quantitative, but the skills or methods applied are highly qualitative. To test the impact that skills or methods used create in boosting employee morale, quantifying skills/methods variables is vital. ANOVA tests suit this process (Johnson 357). Once the qualitative variables are quantified, they can be linked to the outcome of increased employee morale through the necessary testing steps in ANOVA statistical procedures. Achieving the above goal can be subject to a number of issues that influence the inferences made from the test. These are: difficulties in choosing the quantitative variable to use following improved employee morale (for example increased output or revenues), individual differences across employees may not be accounted for, and quantifying some qualitative variables of skills/methods nature may result in a totally different outcome. On the other hand, the testing design adopted exhibits both strengths and weaknesses. The quantification of qualitative variables makes the testing process quick and easier (Johnson 391). However, the testing procedure may be prone to statistical errors that may result in conclusive inferences that are rather